Body stalk anomaly also called limb body wall complex and cloacal exstrophy are rare abdominal wall defects. Body stalk anomaly is a severe defect of the body wall, which is rare among twins. Presence of a major abdominal wall defect, severe kyphoscoliosis and short or absent umbilical cord. Bodystalk anomaly is usually diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound in either the first 1014 weeks of pregnancy or at approximately 1620 weeks of pregnancy, depending on when a patient has an ultrasound performed. Body stalk anomaly is regarded as one of the manifestations of the early amnion rupture sequence. Anterior abdominal wall defects are roughly classified into three types. It is associated to kyphoscoliosis, deformities of the extremities and absence or. Prenatal diagnosis is generally straightforward with massive abdominoschisis, severe kyphoscoliosis, and relatively short umbilical cord being clearly visible. Body stalk anomaly is a severe body wall defect characterised by an absent or rudimentary umbilical cord, eventration of abdominal viscera, hindgut anomalies. This anomaly consists of a large defect in the abdominal wall closure, anatomical defects.
Typically, the liver is directly attached to the placenta without interposed umbilical cord and there is major. Pdf body stalk anomaly is composed of a set of genetic component abnormalities that are still rather unknown. Ultrasound features and management of body stalk anomaly. Body stalk anomaly in monochorionic diamniotic conjoined twins has never been reported prenatally so far as we know. More often in a younger age group and cocaine abuser. This topic will discuss prenatal diagnosis and obstetric management of pregnancies complicated by fetal body stalk anomaly or cloacal exstrophy. Bodystalk anomaly is a sporadic disorder leading to severe deformations of the abdominal wall and spine. Body stalk anomaly, sometimes also called limb body wall complex, is a rare abdominal wall defect due to failure of the development of the body stalk. This anomaly consists of a large defect in the abdominal wall closure, anatomical defects of the pelvis and lower limbs, severe scoliosis, and pulmonary hypoplasia. The management of pulmonary hypoplasia and ruptured. Threedimensional ultrasonographic features of diamniotic. Malformed abdominal structures are usually visible on the images, as are abnormalities of the head, arms and legs. Internal anomalies are present in 95% of affected fetuses 1,2.
It is a poliformative syndrome, the abdominal wall defect andor chest in which the umbilical cord may be totally absent or extremely shortened. Body stalk anomaly is composed of a set of genetic component abnormalities that are still rather unknown. Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis and management of body stalk anomaly. Body stalk anomaly is a rare malformation association and are only 3 reports of survive in literature. Here we present an extremely rare case of concordant body stalk anomaly in monochorionic. Body stalk anomaly at 1014 weeks of gestation the fetal. First trimester abdominal wall defects body stalk anomaly amniotic membrane exomphalos. Pdf bodystalk anomaly is a severe and lethal anomaly, characterized by an anatomic defect in the ventral abdominal wall and exit of the. The ultrasonographic features were a major abdominal wall defect, severe kyphoscoliosis and a short umbilical cord.